Showing posts with label Egypt. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Egypt. Show all posts

Sunday, 12 June 2016

Scenarios for Ukraine's Future: Tunisia, Egypt, Syria, or Libya 2.0?

June 12, 2016 - 
Yuri Sergeev, PolitRussia -
Translated by J. Arnoldski



Ukraine is in the midst of crisis and is faced with three of the most probable variants of the development of events: the Syrian, Egyptian, and Tunisian scenarios. This was recently stated by the Kiev political analyst Yuri Romanenko during his speech at the forum “Pulse of Change.”

Let us attempt to analyze this thesis in depth. For starters, it can be noted that the first, “Syrian” scenario which Mr. Romanenko specified as one of Ukraine’s possible futures, is in fact not at all out of character for the “great European state,” albeit, of course, with the correction that in Syria what is happening is a civil war instigated from abroad and carried out by the hands of insurgents against a legal government. In Ukraine, on the contrary, healthy forces are in fact defending their legal rights from the Kiev government seized by gangs of putschists with an ill-concealed “brown tint.” But the essence of the two situations is similar - in both places, a real civil war is ongoing. 

The second point is recognizing the sad fact and taboo that in “independent” Ukraine, “freedom and democracy” are under the harshest censorship. Sure, certain politicians have risked calling things by their names, but most prefer to dress up the punitive action against the rebellious population of Donbass as a “fight against Russian aggression” and, of course, against the ubiquitous “vatniks,” “kolorados,” “separatists,” and “terrorists.”

Romanenko’s caution in this case is clear. On the other hand, he deserves credit for not bringing up the ridiculously lauded “Ministry of Truth’s” account of the “Croatian scenario,” according to which the valiant Ukrainian “army” is merely awaiting leadership before victoriously regaining control over Donbass in a several-day-long blitzkrieg as was Croatia’s much lauded “Operation Storm” against Serbian Krajina in 1995. [He does not mention this] because this punitive action was successful and possible thanks to the treacherous policies of the Serbian leadership who chose the illusory hopes of “Euromembership” to the detriment of the armed defense of their compatriots’ interests. This clearly does not apply to the current policies of Russia.

Therefore, a checkmark can confidently be put next to the Syrian option for Ukraine in view of the fact it has long since been put into action on the territory of this “great European power.”

A Tunis was not prepared against Russia 

The less publicly known “Tunisian scenario” refers to the revolution (or coup, as you prefer) of 2011, which the events in Ukraine resemble to a large extent. Only instead of a Yanukovich concentrating evermore significant assets and power into his and his family’s hands, in Tunisia there was the figure of President Ben Ali whom the local “revolutionary youth”, dissatisfied with a  considerably unemployment rate (no matters its offset by serious benefits), decided to overthrow with the unofficial green-light of the US, thus initiating the so-called “Arab Spring.”

Fast forwarding, we can say that the Tunisian “kids” turned out to be the same “broken record” as their Ukrainian colleagues. After the “victory of the revolution,” unemployment and inflation grew and the standard of life dropped in the country. But there was “real democracy!,” i.e., the right to choose candidates for parliament not only from the only ruling party of Ben Ali, but also from several competing political forces who (to their credit) still had enough sense not to drag the country to civil war, which obviously favorably compares the Tunisian situation to the Ukrainian or, let’s say, the Libyan one. 

On the other hand, the “head sponsor” of the “Jasmine Revolution,” the US, didn’t need such a large upheaval in such a fairly small North African country. Changing the old corrupt regime was possible even without shooting. But Ukraine is a whole different matter. Ever since the time of Brzezinski, who dreamed of conflict between Ukrainians and Russians, the US planned an “unsinkable aircraft carrier” to be put at Russia’s borders and to use Ukraine as “cannon fodder” to fight Russia not with American, but other hands.

For Washington, the result of the war isn’t even important which, as was quite predictable, gave at least a 40-fold superiority of Russian defense spending over Ukrainian. The main point was creating a zone of instability on the territory of “independent Ukraine” up to the point of a “European Somalia” which could deliver all the more of a “headache” to both Russia and the US’ “sworn friends,” i.e., its EU competitors. 

Thus, seriously considering the possibilities of the emergence in Ukraine of sensible, influential elites, alas, is not worth it. In the meanwhile, as a temporary measure during the period of presidential campaigns in the US, the American administration can pretend that it is attempting to guarantee that obstinate, Nazi Kiev will be “compelled to Minsk.”

The Egyptian scenario: it’s not that army…

The last option voiced by Romanenko is called the “Egyptian” one. In its pure form, at least, this is impossible for Ukraine. After all, the Egyptian army (which ever since the beginning of real independence had remained one of the main “pillars” of real government), following the temporary triumph of the Islamists, once again seized power in the “country of pyramids." In fact, all Egyptian presidents without exception were high-ranking military men, and not even “former” ones at that.

The overthrow of the Muslim Brotherhood president Morsi by the army was a mere return to the usual order of governance. This was in fact acceptable for the majority of the population with the exception of the most notorious radicals. Thus, everything worked out without the cost of turning stadiums into concentration camps in the spirit of the Chilean dictator Pinochet.

In Ukraine, the army has never played such a weighty role in society. According to polls, only a small percentage of the population trusts it, and this is only as an abstract institution. When talking about concrete individuals, such unpleasant things as embezzlement, incompetent generals, the reluctance of youth to serve, etc. immediately manifest themselves. Since the beginning of the crisis, the situation has only worsened  in this regard. Radical patriots speak of “betrayal” among generals allegedly thanks to whom the Ilovaysk and Debaltsevo “cauldrons” were possible. And recruits already don’t merely shy away from “honorary duties,” but even dare to jump from the windows of military offices, risking their lives.

Expecting such an army to not only seize power but, moreover, make use of it and gain at least come credibility in society is not worth it. If in the Ukrainian army discipline is maintained now not so much thanks to respect or at least fear of commanders but just from the fear of criminal cases opened by “civil” prosecutors, then what will everything be like if the soldiers “break” civil institutions in the case of a next “Revolution?” The majority of soldiers will run away and the rest will turn into bandits. 

Of course, Ukraine has some “motivated” people with weapons, who usually have pronounced Nazi convictions. Apparently, it is these people that Romanenko has in mind in speaking of a situation in which “someone from a financial-industrial group, plus some kind of progressive force with foreign support and relying on any social group, can carry out a coup and by authoritarian means bring about change by destroying or suppressing part of the elites and social groups.” 

“The Ruin”: Ukrainian know-how from the 17th century to the present day

The whole problem of the Ukrainian elite since time immemorial is that among such “vigorous and progressive” forces, it has a significantly greater amount of the former. Hence the ironic saying “Two Ukrainians - three hetmans.” In fact, with very real reasons, during the time of “Ruins,” i.e., the 30-year period after Bogdan Hmelnitsky’s death, Ukraine had at least two, and sometimes three-four hetmans at the same time. This is not even counting the colonels who back then were a sort of governors who were only weakly subordinated to the supposedly supreme power, and this was even more true when their ranks included bright personalities.

So, let’s imagine that the Dnepropetrovsk oligarch Kolomoysky, with the aid of his financed Nazi battalions in the shape of Azov and Aidar, attempts to replace Poroshenko’s regime (which has more than once nearly happened if it wasn’t for the phone call of Vice President Biden with the order “lights out.”). This is a possible scenario. But a very big question is whether the beneficiary, Kolomoysky, will be able to reach agreements with the other oligarchs such as Pinchuk, Akhmetov, Firtash, and the Transcarpathian “boss” Baloga, etc. After all, they also sponsor their own official and semi-official armed groups. Would the actual federalization of Ukraine not be a gift to them and the ever-growing number of regional councils openly demanding a redistribution of power from Kiev?

Even if the punitive battalions were to free themselves from the control of the oligarchs (which wouldn’t be so difficult given their widespread disdain for these individuals), then seizing the government would still be very difficult. After all, doing so demands having one single “Fuhrer”, and in the Ukrainian political tradition there are more than a few candidates always ready for this. Recently, this “growing number” has found another claim for the role of “Fuhrer” in the face of the Nazi Savchenko.

Thus, a more likely scenario for Ukraine in this trajectory of events is not so much the “Egyptian” one as the “Libyan” one. When divided Libya was on the brink of civil war in the mid-1980’s, the country, according to conservative estimates, had 3 armies, 2 police forces, and 42 militias belonging to different religious and tribal groups…

On the other hand, should the experience of the Middle East even be used to assess events in Ukraine? After all, “independent” Ukraine has long had its own “brand” of suicidal power struggles, as in the case of the aforementioned “Ruin” period. During that period, over the course of 3 decades the population of the right-bank Ukraine, in contrast to the left-bank which became a protectorate of Moscow, came under the rule of the Polish Commonwealth, the Ottoman Empire, and the Crimean Khanate. The Ukrainian population decreased 10 times (!), which is an absolute record not even beaten by the infamous Thirty Years War in Germany at the beginning the 17th century when the population of affected principalities decreased only five times.


Unfortunately, this is a very likely scenario at the present moment as long as official Kiev maintains its suicidal policies and political analysts in Ukraine will be afraid to speak. It won’t be too long before the situation could fully accord with this gloomiest scenario. 




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Monday, 11 April 2016

Al-Sisi to Istanbul, Morsi to be Pardoned

Translated by Sufyan Jan for Fort Russ
11th April, 2016




On the sidelines of King Salman bin Abdulaziz’s visit to Cairo, tumultuous news is brewing after a stint of public disagreements between Cairo and Riyadh on virtually every regional issue from Tehran to Yemen and Syria.

Will King Salman push Al-Sisi towards Istanbul?

Sources say that the Saudi King is seeking to normalize relations between Turkey and Egypt, after being severely damaged since the events of June 30th 2013, which led to Muslim Brotherhood president Muhammad Morsi being overthrown and jailed, culminating in Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi claiming the presidency.

According to sources, the Saudis understand the complications in the relations between Ankara and Cairo since the overthrow of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. However, this could be a minor hurdle given that both countries are fiercely competing for influence in both Syria and Libya.

Riyadh had taken the side of Cairo in this cold war, but a number of regional changes have pushed them away from President Sisi because of his position on Bashar Assad, the war in Yemen, and lastly the newly founded Islamic alliance that Egypt shrugged off.

Morsi to be pardoned, but put under house arrest

The sources added that the Saudi King has been issued a promise that Morsi will be pardoned. Cairo, however, insisted he officially withdraw his claims for legitimacy, and not consider himself as the legitimate leader of the country, and although he will be pardoned, he will still be under house arrest. Furthermore, he will not be allowed to reorganize the Muslim Brotherhood since its dismantling by the security forces, which left the group without any of its leadership.

Optimism in some of the Egyptian circles was so high that they believed the King managed to convince Sisi to accompany him to Istanbul in order to attend the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) summit this week and to arrive at a historical rapprochement with President Erdogan. The summit will be held in Turkey between the 10th-15th of April, where Turkey will be heading the organization for the next few years.

King Abdullah bin AbdulAziz, in 2010, had accomplished a dramatic shift in policy when he accompanied Bashar Assad to Beirut after a war of words following the assassination of Lebanese president Rafic Al-Hariri the martyr.

In turn, Ankara is offering an olive branch to the Egyptian government when the spokesperson of the Turkish Foreign Ministry Tanju Bilgiç relayed that Egypt has the freedom to select whomever it wants to represent it at the summit.

It is still unknown whether these gestures will be enough to convince Ankara to mend its relations with Egypt, especially since Turkey had already stated its preconditions for rapprochement with Egypt, which are for Sisi to leave, to annul the outcomes of the June 30th 2013 revolution, and to subsequently reshuffle the Egypt's political scene.

Alliance of those in dire straits

A few weeks ago, all of these developments would have been closer to fiction, but a host of challenges forced Riyadh, Cairo, and Ankara to soften their positions. For Riyadh, Yemen has become a quagmire, with increased Iranian pressure on Saudi on numerous fronts, adding to that is the lowering of crude oil prices in the world market.

Cairo is also facing laborious problems with deteriorating standards of living, and the rise of the Dollar exchange rate. Adding to this is the security problems in Sinai, with a near collapse of its status in the Arab world after being excluded from Riyadh and the Ankara-Doha axis. They are now faced with serious accusations and pressure from the EU following the murder of Italian student Giulio Regeni. Along with calls from several EU members to reduce diplomatic relations with Egypt, pressure is also coming from Washington as calls for Sisi to backdown heighten.

Two weeks ago, the New York Times published an op-ed calling upon Obama to rethink US' relationship with Egypt as an ally. The paper came as a public letter to the president from leading American Middle East experts, including two who served in the Obama administration. They urge him to put pressure on president Sisi to better the countries human rights record should Egypt want military and economic aid from the US. Egypt was relieved by Russia’s intervention in Syria, but the speed of the Russian withdrawal alarmed Cairo to the dangers of aligning with Moscow.

All is not well for Ankara either: since the ruling party’s re-election in 2014, though they won by a land slide in the latest elections, problems are growing inside and outside of Turkey’s border, whether it be Kurdish expansion on the southern border, the Syrian kurds establishing their self rule or the on-going war in Diyarbakır, and after the Iranian nuclear deal with the west, Ankara’s relations with Tehran collapsed. If that wasn’t enough, Erdogan’s visit to Washington was the final nail in the coffin; Erdogan’s ears were rung by allegations of human rights violations and restriction of press freedoms, where even president Obama had anticipated Erdogan’s visit and gave an interview with The Atlantic, where he described Erdogan as a mini dictator.

So it is an alliance of those in dire straits, both internally and regionally, and all have developed tense relations with Washington. The three capitals recognize that the solution is in forming a grand Islamic sunni alliance in the region, to send a message to Washington that says "we’re not pushovers," and that the relations that are being developed by Washington with Tehran will not compensate for the alliances that took the successive efforts of all American administrations since WWII to establish. 




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Tuesday, 12 January 2016

Fear Campaign to Stop Russians Flying to Egypt?

By Ollie Richardson for Fort Russ
12th January, 2016



Egyptian newspaper 'Al-Masry Al-Youm' has published a piece (featured below) which states that the group who attacked a hotel in Hurghada on January the 8th was seeking to attack Russian tourists. The sources are not named.



The nature of this piece has propaganda undertones, trying to permanently stop Russians from flying to Egypt. Analyst Yury Barmin noted:


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Translated by Sufyan Jan for Fort Russ



Second attacker in Hurghada: I met my accomplice through Al-Zamalek Ultras football fan club 

Investigations led by the Supreme State prosecutor’s office revealed during an interrogation with the injured attacker, who assaulted three foreign tourists in the Bella Vista Resort Hurghada in the afternoon of last Friday, of an unexpected revelation, during his confessions to the Prosecutors office, in the presence of his lawyer.

The accused confirmed that he and his friend, who was killed during a standoff with security forces, have visited Hurghada a few days prior to the incident, they subsequently left Hurghada and returned last Friday, using public buses as their medium of transportation. On their arrival to Hurghada last Friday, they rented an apartment in the Sheraton bay area, and started their search for foreigners in a supermarket, failing to find any they kept roving around the city until they located foreigners in the Bella Vista Resort across the street. 

The attacker explained that the reason for choosing Hurghada as a location for their attack, was their failure to leave Egypt and join a Jihadi organization, the attackers met each other through Al-Zamalek football club Ultras, and that they were part of the lonely wolves gang, that was associated with the aforementioned online group. The attacker goes on to explain that they were exclusively targeting Russian foreigners, because of Russia’s aerial strikes in Syria.

The prosecutor’s office will be looking to transport the accused to prison to spend the remand period by leave of his doctors.